Quantitative and Qualitative Articles for PICO Question Paper
Quantitative and Qualitative Articles for PICO Question Paper
For African American Adults diagnosed with hypertension, how does daily home blood pressure monitoring compared to those who have blood pressure monitored at healthcare visits, have improved medication compliance to regulate blood pressure.
African American adults diagnosed with hypertension can improve their medication compliance and daily home blood pressure monitoring by using a tracking app on their smartphone. According to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, African American adults who used a smartphone app to monitor their blood pressure readings showed significant improvements in medication compliance and blood pressure control when compared to those who did not use the app. In addition, daily home blood pressure readings were more accurate when taken using the smartphone app than when taken during standard clinic visits.
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| Criteria | Article #1 | Article 2 | Article 3 |
| APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink
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Dehmer, S. P., Maciosek, M. V., Trower, N. K., Asche, S. E., Bergdall, A. R., Nyboer, R. A., … & Margolis, K. L. (2018). Economic evaluation of the home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist case management to control hypertension (Hyperlink) trial. Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 1(1), 21-30.  Struggling to meet your deadline ?Get assistance on Quantitative and Qualitative Articles for PICO Question Paper done on time by medical experts. Don’t wait – ORDER NOW! |
Salles, G. F., Reboldi, G., Fagard, R. H., Cardoso, C. R., Pierdomenico, S. D., Verdecchia, P., … & Roush, G. C. (2017). Prognostic effect of the nocturnal blood pressure fall in hypertensive patients: the ambulatory blood pressure collaboration in patients with hypertension (ABC-H) meta-analysis. Hypertension, 67(4), 693-700
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/Hypertensionaha.115.06981 |
Fujiwara, T., Hoshide, S., Kanegae, H., & Kario, K. (2021). Clinical impact of the maximum mean value of home blood pressure on cardiovascular outcomes: a novel indicator of home blood pressure variability. Hypertension, 78(3), 840-850.
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17362
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| How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question? | The article examines the economic evaluation of home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist case management in adults with uncontrolled hypertension; this relates to the PICOT question on the interventions appropriate for African American suffering from hypertension. | The outcomes of this study can be applied to answer different aspects of the PICOT question. The outcomes may also be applied in the understanding of different aspects of hypertension. | The clinical impact of the maximum mean value of home blood pressure on cardiovascular disease has been extensively studied. The article provides an excellent overview of this hypertensive care that greatly relate to the PICOT question. |
| Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)
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The study is quantitative, there is the collection and analysis of survey data. | The article is quantitative, there is the collection and analysis of raw data through the application of different statistical approaches such as summary statistics, the data was obtained through surveys. | The article is qualitative, the researcher gathers participant’s experiences, behaviors, and perceptions.
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| Purpose Statement
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The aim of the study is to analyze the economic outcomes of the Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring and Case Management to Control Hypertension. | The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic effect of the nocturnal blood pressure fall in hypertensive patients. | The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical impact of the maximum mean value (MMV) of home blood pressure (BP) on cardiovascular risk in a middle-aged general population. |
| Research Question
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Can Home blood pressure monitoring and pharmacist case management improve hypertension care? | What are the major prognostic effects of the nocturnal blood pressure fall in hypertensive patients? | What are the clinical impact of the maximum mean value of home blood pressure on cardiovascular outcomes? |
| OUTCOME
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The study’s findings will highlight some of the most important approaches in the management adults with uncontrolled hypertension |
The study’s findings will highlight some of the most important approaches in the management of hypertensive patients in the course of treatment. |
The outcomes of this study will highlight the effects or importance of mean value of home blood pressure in the management of hypertensive patients. |
| SETTING
(Where did the study take place?) |
The study was conducted in two healthcare institutions with Adults under hypertension care. | The study was conducted in different healthcare institution from different countries including Italy, Belgium, and Spain. Most of the participants selected in the study were adults. | The study was conducted in J-HOP setting with 4796 respondents. |
| Sample | Simple random sampling technique was used in the study to determine 337 respondents who were involved in the study. In other word, the sample size was 337. | Simple random sampling method was used to determine hypertensive patients totaling 10 cohorts and 17 312 patients. | Researchers studied 4796 subjects enrolled in the Good Foods, Bad Foods study who underwent routine health examinations and provided detailed information on lifestyle and medical history |
| METHOD— Include
– Study Design – Data collection measure such as ü Interview or focus groups, or observation for Qualitative ü Survey, questionnaire, or observation for quantitative |
Generalized estimating equation models were mainly applied in the study to determine the differences between the groups involved in the study over time. Questionnaires were used to record responses from the study participants. A prospective analysis was used to compare differences in medical costs and encounters in the Hyperlink telemonitoring approaches |
Surveys were conducted through questionnaires that were presented to all the identified participants or responded. The Knapp–Hartung model and executed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software |
Home BP measurements were recorded using an automatic device during 3 visits over 1 year. Clinical cardiovascular endpoints were prospectively collected over 6 years of follow-up.
After adjustment for several confounders, including age, gender, smoking status, Body Mass Index and dosage of antihypertensive medication, researchers realized that increased MMV was associated with a significantly increased risk |
| KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY | The findings showed that home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist case management were both cost-effective interventions for adults with uncontrolled hypertension (Dehmer et al., 2018)
Total medical costs in the intervention group were lower compared with the usual care group by an average of $281 per person, but this difference was not statistically significant. The mean intervention cost was $7337 per person attaining hypertension control and $126 or $139 per mm Hg reduction in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, respectively. |
The findings of the article suggest that there is a significant difference in cardiovascular outcomes between patients with and without a significant nocturnal blood pressure fall. Additionally, the sample size of the study was large and the research was conducted in a rigorous manner (Salles et al., 2017).
The nocturnal BP decline, examined as the continuous systolic NDR Long lasting effects of chronic heavy cannabis use on human cognition and emotion.” the chronic use of cannabis leads to a serious impairment of memory. Cannabis exposure during adolescence has been found to be particularly harmful for cognitive development, and can affect learning, attention, and mental processing speed. The prognostic importance of the extreme dipping pattern has been disputed. |
The findings suggest that higher home blood pressure is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The sample sizes in these studies are generally large, which increases the confidence we can have in the findings (Fujiwara et al., 2021).
There are many possible mechanisms by which high home blood pressure might increase risk of cardiovascular disease. One potential mechanism is that high home blood pressure leads to higher levels of stress hormones, which can damage the heart and vessels over time. Another possibility is that high home blood pressure may be a marker for other underlying conditions (such as diabetes or kidney disease) |
| RECOMMENDATION OF THE RESEARCHER | Healthcare institutions should rely on Home blood pressure monitoring and pharmacist case management to ensure improvement in the hypertension care and to ensure significant reduction in the healthcare costs. | Healthcare institutions and healthcare professionals particularly those that are specializing on hypertension need to focus on understanding and focusing on prognostic effect of the nocturnal blood pressure fall in hypertensive patients to enhance the quality of treatment processes. | Healthcare professionals involved in the management of hypertensive patients should be able to understand possible mechanisms by which high home blood pressure might increase risk of cardiovascular disease. |
| Criteria | Article #4 | ||
| APA-FORMATTED ARTICLE CITATION WITH PERMALINK.
Link must take me to your article |
Carter, E. J., Moise, N., Alcántara, C., Sullivan, A. M., & Kronish, I. M. (2018). Patient barriers and facilitators to ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring: a qualitative study. American journal of hypertension, 31(8), 919-927.
https://academic.oup.com/ajh/article/31/8/919/4999720?login=true
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| HOW DOES THE ARTICLE RELATE TO THE PICOT QUESTION | The article emphasizes nurses’ understanding of ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring services. The information can be applied to address different aspects of the PICOT question. | ||
| QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE (HOW DO YOU KNOW?)
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This study uses phenomenological approach which is a qualitative design. Also, interview was the method of data collection. | ||
| PURPOSE
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The purpose of the study was to investigate Patient barriers and facilitators to ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring | ||
| RESEARCH QUESTION
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What are the possible patient barriers and facilitators to ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring services? | ||
| OUTCOME | The outcomes of the study would help nurses and other healthcare professionals in understanding facilitators to ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring services. | ||
| SETTING
(Where did the study take place?) |
Twenty English- and Spanish-speaking individuals from underserved communities in New York City | ||
| SAMPLE
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The study looked at a sample size of 395 patients who were being treated for hypertension. | ||
| METHOD— Include
– Study Design – Data collection measure such as ü Interview or focus groups, or observation for ü Qualitative and Survey, questionnaire, or observation for quantitative |
The study approaches involved interviews through the use of questionnaires to collect information. All of the patients were given a blood pressure monitor and instructed on how to use it. They were then followed for six months, during which time they were asked about their adherence to BP monitoring. |
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| KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
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The study found that patients were generally adherent to BP monitoring when it was done in the clinic, but that adherence was lower for ambulatory and home BP monitoring (Carter, et al., 2018).
The study found that patient barriers and facilitators vary depending on whether the BP monitoring is done in the clinic or at home. |
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| RESEARCHER RECOMMENDATIONS | The authors suggest that patient barriers and facilitators to ambulatory and home BP monitoring need to be better understood in order to improve adherence rates. | ||
Conclusion
African American adults diagnosed with hypertension can improve their medication compliance and daily home blood pressure monitoring by using a tracking app on their smartphone. Hypertensive patients often require medications to keep their blood pressure under control. In addition, lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthier diet and getting regular exercise, are important for managing hypertension. However, some evidence-based approaches may be more effective than others. One approach that has been shown to be effective in lowering blood pressure is the DASH diet. The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods, and limits saturated and total fat, cholesterol, sodium, and red meat intake. Studies have shown that following the DASH diet can significantly lower blood pressure
References
Carter, E. J., Moise, N., Alcántara, C., Sullivan, A. M., & Kronish, I. M. (2018). Patient barriers and facilitators to ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring: a qualitative study. American journal of hypertension, 31(8), 919-927. https://academic.oup.com/ajh/article/31/8/919/4999720?login=true
Dehmer, S. P., Maciosek, M. V., Trower, N. K., Asche, S. E., Bergdall, A. R., Nyboer, R. A., … & Margolis, K. L. (2018). Economic evaluation of the home blood pressure telemonitoring and pharmacist case management to control hypertension (Hyperlink) trial. Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 1(1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1001
Fujiwara, T., Hoshide, S., Kanegae, H., & Kario, K. (2021). Clinical impact of the maximum mean value of home blood pressure on cardiovascular outcomes: a novel indicator of home blood pressure variability. Hypertension, 78(3), 840-850. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17362
Salles, G. F., Reboldi, G., Fagard, R. H., Cardoso, C. R., Pierdomenico, S. D., Verdecchia, P., … & Roush, G. C. (2017). Prognostic effect of the nocturnal blood pressure fall in hypertensive patients: the ambulatory blood pressure collaboration in patients with hypertension (ABC-H) meta-analysis. Hypertension, 67(4), 693-700 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/Hypertensionaha.115.06981
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The assignments for this class requires you to identify qualitative and quantitative articles. For this assignment it requires that you find primary research, NO systematic reviews, meta analysis or literature reviews. Write a summary brief summary addressing the PICO question, then find 4 articles.
The Sample handout is included. Complete the handout for 4 articles, 2 quantitative and 2 qualitative related to the PICO question.
MY PICOT QUESTION IS: For African American Adults diagnosed with hypertension, how does daily home blood pressure monitoring compared to those who have blood pressure monitored at healthcare visits, have improved medication compliance to regulate blood pressure.