Pressure Injury Prevention Interventions Essay

Pressure Injury Prevention Interventions Essay

 Pressure Injury Prevention Interventions Essay

The promotion of high-quality, safe, and efficient care is important in nursing practice. However, health problems that include pressure injuries threaten the realization of these outcomes. Pressure injuries occur when a body structure is exposed to prolonged pressure that causes open wounds. Pressure injuries are considered safety issues in healthcare since they should not occur. Nurses and other healthcare providers play crucial roles in implementing evidence-based interventions that prevent patients from developing pressure injuries in their practice. Therefore, the purpose of this research paper is to explore the issue of pressure injuries, their background, and interventions that can be adopted to prevent them in practice.

Background

Pressure injuries are health problems that develop when a body area is exposed to prolonged pressure, leading to the development of open wounds that ascend to the bone if not treated. Pressure injuries are events that should not occur in healthcare, as they threaten safety and quality of care (Cox et al., 2018). The risk and prevalence of pressure injuries are high among aged care residents compared to other populations. Factors that include immobility, malnutrition, incontinence, conditions that reduce peripheral blood flow, cognitive impairment, and complex comorbidities predispose the elderly patients to the problem (Santamaria et al., 2018). Therefore, nurses and other healthcare providers caring for patients at risk should implement interventions that aim at reducing the risks of pressure injury development.

Significance

Pressure injuries are significant to my practice because of several reasons. As noted above, pressure injuries should not occur in practice. Nurses should adopt evidence-based interventions to minimize and prevent them in practice. However, pressure injuries affect up to 2.5 million patients annually in the United States. Pressure injuries also cost the state about $11 billion annually (Mansfield et al., 2020). Pressure injuries not only affect the health of the patients but also that of the nurses too. For example, nurses responsible for providing care to patients affected by pressure injuries work for prolonged periods, increasing their workload. They also suffer emotional effects associated with slowed recovery process and guilt of pressure injury development. Pressure injuries also predispose nurses to lawsuits due to negligence in the patient care process (Kim et al., 2020). Pressure injuries also increase the healthcare costs incurred by patients. The increase is attributed to factors that include prolonged hospital stay and additional care interventions to promote the recovery process (Munoz et al., 2020). Based on the above, pressure injuries comprise a crucial health problem that should be addressed in nursing.

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Evidence-based interventions for preventing pressure injuries exist. For example, studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of patient repositioning in preventing pressure injuries. Other studies have also shown that massage to the areas prone to pressure injuries may reduce the risk. Other interventions that have been explored include nutritional modification, electric stimulation, provider training, and the use of multi-layered silicone dressings.

PICOT Statements

The potential PICOT statements to be considered in the project include the following:

1. Among elderly patients admitted to long-term care facilities, does the use of patient repositioning techniques reduce the risk and rate of pressure injuries compared to usual intervention within six months?
2. Among elderly patients admitted to long-term care facilities, does training nurses about evidence-based pressure prevention interventions reduce the risk and rate of pressure injuries compared to usual care in six months?
3. Among elderly patients admitted to long-term care facilities, does the use of multi-layered silicone dressings reduce the risk and rate of pressure injuries compared to usual care within six months?

Conclusion

Overall, pressure injuries are serious health problems that affect hospitalized patients. Elderly patients and critically ill patients are highly at risk of developing pressure injuries. Nurses and other healthcare providers are responsible for implementing evidence-based interventions to prevent and minimize the risk of pressure injuries. Therefore, the proposed interventions in the PICOT statements should be considered in practice to prevent pressure injuries.

References

Cox, J., Roche, S., & Murphy, V. (2018). Pressure Injury Risk Factors in Critical Care Patients: A Descriptive Analysis. Advances in Skin & Wound Care, 31(7), 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000534699.50162.4e

Kim, G., Park, M., & Kim, K. (2020). The Effect of Pressure Injury Training for Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Advances in Skin & Wound Care, 33(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000653164.21235.27

Mansfield, S., Obraczka, K., & Roy, S. (2020). Pressure Injury Prevention: A Survey. IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 13, 352–368. https://doi.org/10.1109/RBME.2019.2927200

Munoz, N., Posthauer, M. E., Cereda, E., Schols, J. M. G. A., & Haesler, E. (2020). The Role of Nutrition for Pressure Injury Prevention and Healing: The 2019 International Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations. Advances in Skin & Wound Care, 33(3), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000653144.90739.ad

Santamaria, N., Gerdtz, M., Kapp, S., Wilson, L., & Gefen, A. (2018). A randomised controlled trial of the clinical effectiveness of multi-layer silicone foam dressings for the prevention of pressure injuries in high-risk aged care residents: The Border III Trial. International Wound Journal, 15(3), 482–490. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12891

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P = Patient population

I = Intervention or issue of interest

C = Comparison of interventions or comparison of interests

O = Outcome

T = Time frame. Next, use PICOT to format possible research questions about that topic. Provide 3 possible PICOT research questions.Include the following:

Title page
Provide a brief description of the topic and background information.
Explain the significance of the topic to nursing practice.
Provide 3 clearly stated PICOT questions. Be 2–3 pages (not including the title page and reference page)
Use current APA format to style your paper and to cite your sources.
Using PICOT Rubric ;This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTopic
Topic/ Relevance to Nursing
50 to >43.0 pts
Meets or Exceeds Expectations
A clear and succinct description of the topic is presented. Background information is relevant and specific to the topic. The significance of the topic to nursing practice is explained clearly and is supported with examples.
PICOT Research Questions
This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome PICOT Research Questions
85 to >73.1 pts
Meets or Exceeds Expectations
All research questions are accurately framed as complete PICOT questions. PICOT questions provide a clear and specific focus for research within the topic.
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAPA and Mechanics
15 to >12.9 pts
Meets or Exceeds Expectations
Follows all the requirements related to format, length, source citations, and layout. Written in a clear, concise, formal, and organized manner. Responses are mostly error free. Information from sources is paraphrased appropriately and accurately cited.