Literature Review Summary Paper

Literature Review Summary Paper

PICOT QUESTION (sentence format): In adult patients with chronic pain, is the of utilization of standard depression questionnaires more accurate in the diagnosis/identification of depression, in comparison to the use of voluntary self-reporting of depressive symptoms within 30 days of initial inquiry?

QUANTITATIVE STUDIES(use these headers for EACH quantitative study):\

1. Rapti, E., Damigos, D., Apostolara, P., Roka, V., Tzavara, C., & Lionis, C. (2019). Patients with chronic pain: evaluating depression and their quality of life in a single center study in Greece. BMC psychology, 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0366-0

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author-Rapti et al.

Title– Patients with chronic pain: evaluating depression and their quality of life in a single center study in Greece

Year– 2019

Problem related to PICOT: The study problem is related to the PICOT since it seeks to identify the association between chronic pain associated and depression.

Purpose:  To outline the burden of chronic pain in the context of a primary health care setting in Greece and to investigate the association of chronic pain with depression and quality of life.

Sample/Population:  The sample included 200 adults who visited the regional medical center of Ag. Theodoroi, Greece. The study subjects included individuals who visited the medical center for any reason. The participants were above 18 years but below 75 years of age and they spoke Greek fluently.

Data Collection Method: Data for the study was collected in print form. It included:

1. A demographics form: Contained questions regarding the participants’ comprehensive social and medical history. The researchers collected data about the participants’ family status, educational status, smoking, alcohol consumption, and medical history.
2. A questionnaire for pain assessment-Brief Pain Inventory (BPI): It had 9 questions related to pain occurring within the last 24 h.

• A questionnaire for investigating depression in Primary Health Care Services- Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 collected data on 9 symptoms pertinent to the 9 criteria of DSM-IV, with regard to depression syndrome experienced within the last two weeks.

1. A questionnaire for quality of life assessment Euro- 5 D: Collected data on self-care, mobility, daily activities, anxiety, and depression.

Major Findings/Conclusions:  The study found that 56.8% of the participants, majority of whom (62%) were females, reported chronic pain. Depression was detected in 22. 5% of the subjects who reported chronic pain. The findings  established the negative effect of chronic pain and depression on a patients’ quality of life.

Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study contributes to review of literature, by establishing the reciprocal nature of the depression and chronic pain relationship and poorer quality of life in patients.

2. Kha, T., Stenager, E., Hoang, H., Bruun-Plesner, K., Fuglsang, K., Søgaard la Cour, B., Handberg, G. & Vaegter, H. (2020). Preliminary validity and test–retest reliability of two depression questionnaires compared with a diagnostic interview in 99 patients with chronic pain seeking specialist pain treatment. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, 20(4), 717-726. https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2020-0042

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author-Kha et al.

Title– Preliminary validity and test–retest reliability of two depression questionnaires compared with a diagnostic interview in 99 patients with chronic pain seeking specialist pain treatment

Year– 2020

Problem related to PICOT: Challenges  in the accurate identification of major depression which is highly prevalent in patients with chronic pain.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to: Quantify the validity of the 9-items PHQ9 and the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) compared with a diagnostic interview in patients with chronic pain seeking specialist pain treatment.; To assess the relative test-retest reliability of PHQ9 and MDI over two weeks.

Sample/Population:  Nine patients with chronic pain referred to interdisciplinary pain treatment.

Data Collection Method: Data was collected by comparing patient responses on the PHQ9 and MDI depression screening questionnaires with a diagnostic interview, the Present-State-Examination (PSE) interview.  PHQ9 and MDI were completed twice over two weeks.

Major Findings/Conclusions:  According to the PSE interview, the prevalence of depression was 22.2%, and according to the PHQ9 and MDI questionnaires the prevalence was 26.3 and 34.3%, respectively.  Compared with a diagnostic PSE interview, the PHQ9 and MDI questionnaires reliably identified chronic pain patients not likely to have clinical depression. However, they had limited validity identifying patients with clinical depression.

Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study establishes that PHQ-9 and MDI can be used by clinicians to identify chronic pain patients without depression.

3. Stevens, E. R., Mazumdar, M., Caniglia, E. C., Khan, M. R., Young, K. E., Edelman, E. J., Gordon, A. J., Fiellin, D. A., Maisto, S. A., Chichetto, N. E., Crystal, S., Gaither, J. R., Justice, A. C., & Braithwaite, R. S. (2020). Insights Provided by Depression Screening Regarding Pain, Anxiety, and Substance use in a Veteran Population. Journal of primary care & community health, 11, 2150132720949123. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720949123

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author–  Stevens et al.

 Title–  Insights Provided by Depression Screening Regarding Pain, Anxiety, and Substance use in a Veteran Population.

Year– 2020

Problem related to PICOT: Depression as a frequent comorbidity of pain.

Purpose: The study aimed at quantifying  the degree to which a depression screening instrument commonly used in primary care settings provides additional information regarding pain interference symptoms, anxiety, and substance use.

Sample/Population:  7731 participants, Median age- 50 years 

1. Data Collection Method: Various tools were used to collect data on different conditions:
   PHQ-9 and PHQ-2- used to measure depressive symptoms.
2. Health Survey Short-Form 12 (SF-12)- Data on pain interference symptoms.

• Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)- Collected data on unhealthy alcohol use.

1. Also collected data on other substance use- Tobacco, marijuana, crack/cocaine, and other stimulants.

Major Findings/Conclusions: The study found that depression screening using PHQ-9 and PHQ-2provides substantial additional information on the likelihood of pain interference symptoms and anxiety and should trigger diagnostic assessments for these other conditions.

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Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study provides empirical data that support current literature, which recommend that all positive depression screening results should lead to additional assessment of comorbid psychological factors such as anxiety. Besides, the study results support literature that recommends screening for pain if a positive depression screen is identified.

4. Spatar, S. B. (2019). Standardizing the Use of Mental Health Screening Instruments in Patients With Pain. Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS, 36(Suppl 6), S28–S30.

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author– Spatar

Title– Standardizing the Use of Mental Health Screening Instruments in Patients With Pain

Year–  2019

Problem related to PICOT: Missed opportunities to screen for depressive symptoms in patients with pain, which increases the disease burden.

Purpose:  To examine the impact of the standardized use of the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 on the rate of mental health care referrals.

Sample/Population: 84 patients who were active duty service members aged 18 -56 years at the initial patient encounter.

Data Collection Method: Data on anxiety and depressive symptoms was collected GAD-7 and PHQ-9 tools, respectively.

Major Findings/Conclusions:  The study demonstrated that the standardized use of the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 during patient visits for pain improved adherence to guidelines and resulted in a significant increase in the rate of mental health referrals from 10% to 23.1%.

Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study demonstrates that GAD-7 and PHQ-9 are relatively cost free and are reliable and valid for screening for, and determining the severity of, anxiety and depression symptoms. It supports the evidence that screening for, and early recognition of, mental illness, are crucial elements of evidence-based practice and provide the most cost-effective care.

5. Lee, H. J., Choi, E. J., Nahm, F. S., Yoon, I. Y., & Lee, P. B. (2018). Prevalence of unrecognized depression in patients with chronic pain without a history of psychiatric diseases. The Korean journal of pain, 31(2), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2018.31.2.116

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author– Lee et al.

 Title– Prevalence of unrecognized depression in patients with chronic pain without a history of psychiatric diseases

Year–  2018

Problem related to PICOT: Unrecognized depression in patients with chronic pain

Purpose:  To  investigate the prevalence of unrecognized depression in patients with chronic pain, but with no history of psychiatric diseases.

Sample/Population: Participants included 94 consecutive patients with chronic pain (28 males and 66 females).

Data Collection Method: Data on depressive symptoms was collected using the Beck Depression Index (BDI).

Major Findings/Conclusions: The BDI scores revealed that 35.1% of patients with chronic pain had comorbid depression. The findings indicated that unrecognized depression in patients with chronic pain is common.

Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study proposes that pain physicians should actively seek to identify depressive symptoms in patients with chronic pain rather than rely on the patient to volunteer such information. It established  that depression goes unrecognized because pain patients often discuss their physical symptoms with their physician but not their psychiatric problems.

6. Siniscalchi, K. A., Broome, M. E., Fish, J., Ventimiglia, J., Thompson, J., Roy, P., Pipes, R., & Trivedi, M. (2020). Depression Screening and Measurement-Based Care in Primary Care. Journal of primary care & community health, 11, 2150132720931261. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720931261

Author– Siniscalchi et al.

Title– Depression Screening and Measurement-Based Care in Primary Care

Year–  2020

Problem related to PICOT: Unmet need to universally screen and treat depression, which is common among US adults.

Purpose: This a QI project that sought to implement VitalSign6, an evidence-based MBC program, to improve identification and management of depression in adult patients, 18 years and above.

Sample/Population: 1200 unique adult patients

Data Collection Method: Data on depressive symptoms was collected using PHQ-2 and PHQ-9. Self-reported depression was also used to collect data on depressive symptoms.

Major Findings/Conclusions:

The findings revealed a statistically significant decrease in self-reported depression scores from baseline to follow-up. VitalSign6 was effective in improving identification and management of depression in primary care. Thus, implementing VitalSign6 provided primary care physicians with evidence-based practice tools that allow enhanced depression identification, treatment, and referral management compared to self-reporting.

Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study support approaching depression as a triage issue rather than a mental health access issue, which increases identification of patients diagnosed with depression, treatment, and referral management.

7. Hu, Y., Yang, Z., Li, Y., Xu, Y., Tian, M., Jiang, N., & Guo, N. (2021). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12.

Author– Hue al .

 Title–  Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year– 2021

Problem related to PICOT: Depressive symptoms among patients with chronic low back pain 

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic low back pain.

Sample/Population:  1,172 patients with chronic low back pain.

Data Collection Method:  Depressive symptoms were examined through the Patient Health Questionnaire.

Major Findings/Conclusions: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among patients with chronic low back pain was 25.00%. Chronic low back pain patients with pain duration of 1-5 years should be paid more attention and assessed for depressive symptoms using tools such as the PHQ-9.

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Contribution to Review of the Literature:

The study identifies factors influencing  depression in patients with chronic low back pain in terms of clinical characters, demographic characteristics, individual psychological factors, and social factors. The information provides evidence for the prevention and treatment of depressive symptoms in these patients.

QUALITATIVE STUDIES (use these headers for EACH qualitative study):

8. Tenti, M., Raffaeli, W., & Gremigni, P. (2021). A Narrative Review of the Assessment of Depression in Chronic Pain. Pain Management Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2021.03.009

Author- Tenti et al.

Title- A Narrative Review of the Assessment of Depression in Chronic Pain

Year- 2021

Problem related to PICOT: Relationship between depression and chronic pain.

Purpose:  To explore the primary critical issues in the assessment of depression in chronic pain and to identify self-report tools that can be reliably used for measuring it.

Sample: Fifty-five studies.

Data Collection Method: Articles were obtained through a search of three databases and a hand search of the references of full-text papers.

Key Findings/Themes: The Beck Depression Inventory was considered a more accurate tool to evaluate depression in chronic pain patients. Other instruments such as the Patient Health Questionnaire were recommended for a rapid screening.

Contribution to Review of the Literature: The study shows that assessment of depression comorbidity in chronic pain reflects a challenge in both research and clinical practice. The choice and use of tests, and score interpretation, require clinical reasoning.

META-ANALYSIS STUDIES (use these headers for EACH meta-analysis study):

9. Cuijpers, P., Li, J., Hofmann, S. G., & Andersson, G. (2018). Self-reported versus clinician-rated symptoms of depression as outcome measures in psychotherapy research on depression: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(6), 768–778. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.06.001

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author- Cujpers et al.

Title–  Self-reported versus clinician-rated symptoms of depression as outcome measures in

psychotherapy research on depression: A meta-analysis

Year- 2018

Problem related to PICOT: Lack of information on whether self-report measures and clinician-rated instruments for depression result in comparable outcomes in research on psychotherapy.

Search selection method: The researchers used a database of 1120 papers on the psychological treatment of depression. The research only included studies in which both a clinician-rated instrument and a self-report instrument were used to measure the severity of depression at post-test. Besides, the studies selected had sufficient statistics to calculate effect sizes for both types of outcomes directly. A total of 48 studies with a total of 2462 participants met all  the selection criteria.

Meta-Analysis Model: Meta-regression analysis

Consistency/Variation of Studies: In 27 studies the researchers used a waiting list control group, while 15 studies compared psychotherapy with care-as-usual. The remaining 6 studies used another control condition.

Summary of Findings:  Clinician-rated instruments resulted in a significantly higher effect size than self-report instruments from the same studies. Clinician-rated and self-report measures of improvement following psychotherapy for depression are not equivalent. Different symptoms are more suitable for self-report or ratings by clinicians and in clinical trials it is probably best to include both.

CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES

10. Bijker, L., Sleijser-Koehorst, M. L. S., Coppieters, M. W., Cuijpers, P., & Scholten-Peeters, G. G. M. (2019). Preferred self-administered questionnaires to assess depression, anxiety and somatization in people with musculoskeletal pain – A modified Delphi study. The Journal of Pain.doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2019.08.006

Author/Title/Year (APA format):

Author- Bijker et al.

Title- Preferred Self-Administered Questionnaires to Assess Depression, Anxiety and Somatization in People With Musculoskeletal Pain − A Modified Delphi Study

Year- 2019

Problem related to PICOT: Depression, anxiety, and somatization impact the recovery of individuals with musculoskeletal pain.

Stakeholders represented: A multidisciplinary panel of international experts. The expert panel comprised  22 members from different professional backgrounds including Psychology (15) Medicine( 5) Allied Health (1) and Epidemiology (1).

Systematic review of literature: Literature review focused on clinometric properties as reported for the most suitable population.

Strength of recommendations used: Recommendations have been peer reviewed: Some of the recommended screening questionnaires still require validation in patients with musculoskeletal pain.

Summary of findings as related to PICOT:  The expert panel reached consensus on the recommendation of the following instruments to assess depression and anxiety in people at risk of developing or maintaining persistent musculoskeletal pain, such as persons with low back pain or neck pain. Recommended depression screening tools include the PHQ-9, DASS-21-D, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, and Depression Subscale of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (HADS-D).

References

Bijker, L., Sleijser-Koehorst, M. L. S., Coppieters, M. W., Cuijpers, P., & Scholten-Peeters, G. G. M. (2019). Preferred self-administered questionnaires to assess depression, anxiety and somatization in people with musculoskeletal pain – A modified Delphi study. The Journal of Pain. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2019.08.006

Cuijpers, P., Li, J., Hofmann, S. G., & Andersson, G. (2018). Self-reported versus clinician-rated symptoms of depression as outcome measures in psychotherapy research on depression: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(6), 768–778. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.06.001

Hu, Y., Yang, Z., Li, Y., Xu, Y., Tian, M., Jiang, N., & Guo, N. (2021). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12.

Kha, T., Stenager, E., Hoang, H., Bruun-Plesner, K., Fuglsang, K., Søgaard la Cour, B., Handberg, G. & Vaegter, H. (2020). Preliminary validity and test–retest reliability of two depression questionnaires compared with a diagnostic interview in 99 patients with chronic pain seeking specialist pain treatment. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, 20(4), 717-726. https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2020-0042

Lee, H. J., Choi, E. J., Nahm, F. S., Yoon, I. Y., & Lee, P. B. (2018). Prevalence of unrecognized depression in patients with chronic pain without a history of psychiatric diseases. The Korean journal of pain, 31(2), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2018.31.2.116

Rapti, E., Damigos, D., Apostolara, P., Roka, V., Tzavara, C., & Lionis, C. (2019). Patients with chronic pain: evaluating depression and their quality of life in a single center study in Greece. BMC psychology, 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0366-0

Siniscalchi, K. A., Broome, M. E., Fish, J., Ventimiglia, J., Thompson, J., Roy, P., Pipes, R., & Trivedi, M. (2020). Depression Screening and Measurement-Based Care in Primary Care. Journal of primary care & community health, 11, 2150132720931261. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720931261

Spatar, S. B. (2019). Standardizing the Use of Mental Health Screening Instruments in Patients With Pain. Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS, 36(Suppl 6), S28–S30.

Stevens, E. R., Mazumdar, M., Caniglia, E. C., Khan, M. R., Young, K. E., Edelman, E. J., Gordon, A. J., Fiellin, D. A., Maisto, S. A., Chichetto, N. E., Crystal, S., Gaither, J. R., Justice, A. C., & Braithwaite, R. S. (2020). Insights Provided by Depression Screening Regarding Pain, Anxiety, and Substance use in a Veteran Population. Journal of primary care & community health, 11, 2150132720949123. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720949123

Tenti, M., Raffaeli, W., & Gremigni, P. (2021). A Narrative Review of the Assessment of Depression in Chronic Pain. Pain Management Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2021.03.009

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Find and review ten (10) scholarly, peer-reviewed research articles, meta-analyses, or CPGs in support of the practice change intervention. Complete the appropriate section in the worksheet for each article.

State the PICOT question:: In adult patients with chronic pain, is the of utilization of standard depression questionnaires more accurate in the diagnosis/identification of depression, in comparison to the use of voluntary self-reporting of depressive symptoms within 30 days of initial inquiry?

For each article, supply the information for each of the seven headings for the appropriate article type.
Preparing the Assignment:
Use the designated Research Summary Table Worksheet (Links to an external site.) to supply the required information.
All scholarly, peer-reviewed research articles must be current within a 5-year time frame unless a valid rationale is provided, and the instructor has approved the use of an older reference.
Use APA 7th edition formatting for references.

The focus of this assignment is to evaluate pertinent literature that supports the practice change intervention.

Note: You are to locate original studies with research conducted and published by the primary investigator. You may also use quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods studies, meta-analyses or Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs).